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Functional Connectivity Map of Retinal Ganglion Cells for Retinal Prosthesis
JangHeeYe, SangBaekRyu, KyungHwanKim, YongSookGoo 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology 8 Pages
대한생리학회-대한약리학회 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology 2008, Vol.12 No.6 4 307-314 (8 pages)
using Neuroexplorer (Plexon, Dallas, TX). 2. Cross-correlation analysis From the spike trains, the patterns of interaction be- tween two spike trains were studied by examining the cross-correlation function, which represents the firing rate of one neuron as a function of time before or after a spike from the other neuron. Flat cross-correlation function with time appears when two neuron s fir... was blocked by gap junction blocker, heptanol, but not by glutamatergic synapse blocker, kynurenic acid. By tracking down all the RGC pairs which showed narrow correlation, we could harvest 40 functional connectivity maps of RGCs which showed the cell cluster firing together. We suggest that finding functional connectivity map would be useful in stimulation encoding strategy for the retinal prosthesis since stimulating the cluster of RGCs would be more efficient than separately stimulating each... -
Multiple Regulation of Roundabout (Robo) Phosphorylation in a Heterologous Cell System
HwanTaePark 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology 5 Pages
대한생리학회-대한약리학회 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology 2004, Vol.8 No.2 7 111-115 (5 pages)
in dendritic guidance and synaptic connectivity. J Neurosci 22: 3117-3129, 2002 Hao JC, Yu TW, Fujisawa K, Culotti JG, Gengyo-Ando K, Mitani S, Moulder G, Barstead R, Tessier-Lavigne M, Bargmann CI. C. elegans slit acts in midline, dorsal-ventral, and anterior- posterior guidance via the SAX-3/Robo receptor. Neuron 32: 25- 38, 2001 Hong K, Nishiyama M, Henley J, Tessier-Lavigne M, Poo M.... kinase C activation by phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate decreased the phosphorylation of Robo. Intracellular calcium was required for the tyrosine phosphorylation. Furthermore, the transfection of an Eph receptor tyrosine kinase dramatically enhanced the tyrosine phosphorylation. These findings indicate that the tyrosine phosphorylation of Robo is regulated by multiple mechanisms, and that Eph receptor kinases may play a role in the regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Robo in the rat brain. -
Comparison of electrophysiological properties of two types of pre-sympathetic neurons intermingled in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus
Yiming Shen, Seong Kyu Han, Pan Dong Ryu 대한수의학회 Journal of Veterinary Science 9 Pages
대한수의학회 Journal of Veterinary Science 2018, 제 19권 제 4호 2 483-491 (9 pages)
in neuronal connectivity and recording conditions. For example, the firing rate of PVN RVLM neurons was 2.6 Hz in rats [38], whereas that of PVNIML neurons was 2.7 Hz [9]; these values are different from the firing rates recorded in vitro in this and previous studies [18]. Taken together, our results indicate that the two pre-sympathetic neuron types in the PVN are different in intrinsic... The hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) contains two types of neurons projecting to either the rostral ventrolateral medulla (PVNRVLM) or the intermediolateral horn (IML) of the spinal cord (PVNIML). These two neuron groups are intermingled in the same subdivisions of the PVN and differentially regulate sympathetic outflow. However, electrophysiological evidence supporting such functional differences is largely lacking. Herein, we compared the electrophysiological properties of these... -
Microglial involvement in the development of olfactory dysfunction
Yoojin Seo, Hyung-Sik Kim, Kyung-Sun Kang 대한수의학회 Journal of Veterinary Science 12 Pages
대한수의학회 Journal of Veterinary Science 2018, 제 19권 제 3호 1 319-330 (12 pages)
has been reported that occluding one naris during the early postnatal period significantly alters olfactory neuronal connectivity, leading to an olfactory deficit [23]. Histologically, unilateral naris closure has resulted in a decline in OB size due to massive loss of tyrosine hydroxylase-positive dopaminergic interneurons in the OB [50]. Notably, progressive microgliosis within the OB was... Olfactory impairment is the most common clinical manifestation among the elderly, and its prevalence increases sharply with age. Notably, growing evidence has shown that olfactory dysfunction is the first sign of neurodegeneration, indicating the importance of olfactory assessment an early marker in the diagnosis of neurological disorders. In this review, we describe the nature of olfactory dysfunction and the advantage of using animal models in olfaction study, and we include a brief... -
Agmatine protection against chlorpromazine-induced forebrain cortex injury in rats
Bratislav Dejanovic, Ivana Stevanovic, Milica Ninkovic, Ivana Stojanovic, Irena Lavrnja, Tatjana Radicevic, Milos Pavlovic 대한수의학회 Journal of Veterinary Science 9 Pages
대한수의학회 Journal of Veterinary Science 2016, 제 17권 제 1호 7 53-61 (9 pages)
2001, 53, 629-634. 22. Levin G, Cogan U, Mokady S. Riboflavin deficiency and the function and fluidity of rat erythrocyte membranes. J Nutr 1990, 120, 857-861. 23. Lowry OH, Rosebrough NJ, Farr AL, Randall RJ. Protein measurement with the folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem 1951, 193, 265-275. 24. Magliozzi R, Howell OW, Reeves C, Roncaroli F, Nicholas R, Serafini B, Aloisi F, Reynolds R. A... This study was conducted to investigate whether agmatine (AGM) provides protection against oxidative stress induced by treatment with chlorpromazine (CPZ) in Wistar rats. In addition, the role of reactive oxygen species and efficiency of antioxidant protection in the brain homogenates of forebrain cortexes prepared 48 h after treatment were investigated. Chlorpromazine was applied intraperitoneally (i.p.) in single dose of 38.7 mg/kg body weight (BW) The second group was treated with both CPZ... -
Cell proliferation and neuroblast differentiation in the dentate gyrus of high-fat diet-fed mice are increased after rosiglitazone treatment
Dae Young Yoo, Woosuk Kim, Dae Won Kim, Sung Min Nam, Hyo Young Jung, Jong Whi Kim, Choong Hyun Lee, Jung Hoon Choi, Moo-Ho Won, 대한수의학회 Journal of Veterinary Science 7 Pages
대한수의학회 Journal of Veterinary Science 2014, 제 15권 제 1호 3 27-33 (7 pages)
a certain level helps regulate adipocyte development and function [36]. In the brain, PPARγ activation has been reported to promote neurogenesis as well as neurite outgrowth in mature neurons, which enhances neuronal connectivity [7,30]. However, excessive activation of PPARγ was shown to induce cell death and inhibit the differentiation of neural stem cells whereas optimal activation of... In this study, we determined how rosiglitazone (RSG) differentially affected hippocampal neurogenesis in mice fed a low-fat diet (LFD) or high-fat diet (HFD; 60% fat). LFD and HFD were given to the mice for 8 weeks. Four weeks after initiating the LFD and HFD feeding, vehicle or RSG was administered orally once a day to both groups of mice. We measured cell proliferation and neuroblast differentiation in the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus using Ki67 and doublecortin (DCX), respectively,... -
Why do children with insecure attachment show cognitive and emotional behavior problems? : A neurological explanation
Yeong-Ji Lee, Yong-Ju Kwon 한국교원대학교 뇌기반교육연구소 Brain, Digital, & Learning 11 Pages
한국교원대학교 뇌기반교육연구소 Brain, Digital, & Learning 2017, 제 7권 제 1호 5 37-47 (11 pages)
a function of insecure attachment and aggressive attitudes. School Psychology International, 30(2),201-214. Eluvathingal, T. J.,Chugani, H. T., Behen, M. E., Juhasz, C.,Muzik, O.,Maqbool, M., Chungani, D. C., & Makki, M. (2006). Abnormal brain connectivity in children after early severe socioemotional deprivation: a diffusion tensor imaging study.Pediatrics,117(6),2093-2100. Follan, M., Anderson,... -
Dual control of the vestibulosympathetic reflex following hypotension in rats
SangEonPark, Yuan-ZheJin, ByungRimPark 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology 12 Pages
대한생리학회-대한약리학회 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology 2017, Vol.21 No.6 13 675-686 (12 pages)
as: 65.7±16.1 in the MVN, 55.9±4.1 in the RVLM, and 20.6±1.2 in the IMC (Fig. 2). pERK expression in sympathetic neurons after glutamate administration to the MVN To confirm the functional connectivity between the vestibular nucleus and the spinal sympathetic neurons, pERK expression in the IMC of T4~7 spinal regions was measured after the admin- istration of glutamate to the MVN. ACSF was... Orthostatic hypotension (OH) is associated with symptoms including headache, dizziness, and syncope. The incidence of OH increases with age. Attenuation of the vestibulosympathetic reflex (VSR) is also associated with an increased incidence of OH. In order to understand the pathophysiology of OH, we investigated the physiological characteristics of the VSR in the disorder. We applied sodium nitroprusside (SNP) to conscious rats with sinoaortic denervation in order to induce hypotension.... -
Neural circuit remodeling and structural plasticity in the cortex during chronic pain
WoojinKim, SunKwangKim 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology 8 Pages
대한생리학회-대한약리학회 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology 2016, Vol.20 No.1 1 1-8 (8 pages)
structural changes was initially revealed by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) mostly concentrated on human adult brain. Imaging studies showing altered brain morphology and connectivity in multiple types of chronic pain conditions, such as chronic back pain [18] fibromyalgia [19] complex regional pain syndrome [20] and headache [21], have been reported. However, as most of these... Damage in the periphery or spinal cord induces maladaptive plastic changes along the somatosensory nervous system from the periphery to the cortex, often leading to chronic pain. Although the role of neural circuit remodeling and structural synaptic plasticity in the ‘pain matrix’ cortices in chronic pain has been thought as a secondary epiphenomenon to altered nociceptive signaling in the spinal cord, progress in whole brain imaging studies on human patients and animal models has suggested a... -
Effect of Stimulus Waveform of Biphasic Current Pulse on Retinal Ganglion Cell Responses in Retinal Degeneration (rd1) mice
KunNoAhn, JeongYeolAhn, Jae-hyungKim, KyoungrokCho, Kyo-inKoo, SolomonS.Senok, YongSookGoo 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology 9 Pages
대한생리학회-대한약리학회 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology 2015, Vol.19 No.2 12 167-175 (9 pages)
multi-electrode array. Physiol Meas. 2007;28:1079-1088. 10. Ye JH, Ryu SB, Kim KH, Goo YS. Functional connectivity map of retinal ganglion cells for retinal prosthesis. Korean J Physiol Pharmacol. 2008;12:307-314. 11. Goo YS, Ye JH, Lee S, Nam Y, Ryu SB, Kim KH. Retinal ganglion cell responses to volt age and current stimulation in wild-type and rd1 mouse retinas. J Neural Eng. 2011;8:035003.... For intensities (or duration) modulation, duration (or amplitude) of the pulse was fixed to 500 μs (30 μA), changing the intensities (or duration) from 2 to 60 μA (60 to 1000 μs). RGCs were classified as response-positive when PSTH showed multiple (3∼4) peaks within 400 ms post stimulus and the number of spikes was at least 30% more than that for the immediate pre-stimulus 400 ms period. RGC responses were well modulated both with anodic and cathodic phase-1st biphasic pulses. Cathodic...