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Microwave-assisted pretreatment technologies for the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to sugars and ethanol: a review
Pradeep Puligundla, Sang-Eun Oh, Chulkyoon Mok 한국탄소학회 Carbon Letters 10 Pages
한국탄소학회 Carbon Letters 2016, Vol.17 No.1 1 1-10 (10 pages)
10 kg m 3, and microwave power of 1000 W for 15 min, the ethanol yields were 148.93 g kg 1 for treated and 26.78 g kg 1 for untreated straw. Operating parameters that affect sugar recovery in micro- wave-assisted pretreatment of biomass recently have been dis- cussed by Ethaib et al. [49]. They reported that biomass loading, microwave power level, and irradiation time are the important factors... Lignocellulosic biomass conversion to biofuels such as ethanol and other value-added bio-products including activated carbons has attracted much attention. The development of an efficient, cost-effective, and eco-friendly pretreatment process is a major challenge in lignocellulosic biomass to biofuel conversion. Although several modern pretreatment technologies have been introduced, few promising technologies have been reported. Microwave irradiation or microwave-assisted methods (physical and... -
헬륨 동위원소 및 헬륨필터를 사용한 셀레늄증기 다중광선레이저의 출력특성에 관한 연구
최상태 한국조명전기설비학회 照明·電氣設備學會論文誌 7 Pages
한국조명전기설비학회 照明·電氣設備學會論文誌 2004, Vol.18 No.2 16-22 (7 pages)
일반적으로 사용하는 $^4$He 대신에 동위원소인 $^3$He 펌핑가스로 사용하여 개개의 레이저선들에 대한 광이득과 레이저의 출력특성을 연구하였다. 또한 출력에 영향을 주는 헬륨의 순도는 특수 헬륨필터로써 개선하였다. Output-coupling 출력과 소신호이득은 $^4$He의 경우 보다 $^3$He을 사용한 경우에 대부분의 선들에서 더 높게 나타났다. 특히 강력한 선들(497.6 nm, 499.3 nm, 506.9 nm, 517.6 nm, 522.8 nm, 530.5 nm)에서는 소신호 이득이 약 30% 더 높게, Output-coupling 출력은 2 배에서 3 배까지 더 높은 값을 보여... -
셀레늄증기 다중광선레이저의 헬륨 순도에 따른 광이득과 출력특성
최상태 한국조명전기설비학회 照明·電氣設備學會論文誌 6 Pages
한국조명전기설비학회 照明·電氣設備學會論文誌 2002, Vol.16 No.6 60-65 (6 pages)
본 연구의 목적은 헬륨의 순도가 셀레늄증기 레이저에서의 출력특성과 광이득에 미치는 영향을 측정, 비교해보는 것이다. 헬륨의 순도는 특수 헬륨필터로써 개선하였다. 본 측정에서는 개개의 선들이 복굴절필터에 의해서 선택 되어졌다. 대부분의 선들이 헬륨필터를 사용한 레이저에서 더 높은 output-coupling 출력과 소신호 이득을 보여 주고, 특히 강력한 선들(497.6 nm, 499.3 nm, 506.9 nm, 517.6 nm, 522.8 nm, 530.5 nm)과 청색선(460.4 nm, 464.8 nm)및 적색선(644.4 nm, 649.1 nm)에서 현저히 더 높은 값을 보여 준다. -
A Computational Model of Cytosolic and Mitochondrial [Ca2＋] in Paced Rat Ventricular Myocytes
JaeBoumYoum, SeongWooChoi, ChangHanJang, HyoungKyuKim, ChaeHunLeem, NariKim, JinHan 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology 23 Pages
대한생리학회-대한약리학회 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology 2011, Vol.15 No.4 5 217-239 (23 pages)
(Vuni) and Na ＋ /Ca 2＋ exchanger (VNCX) were used to calculate [Ca 2＋ ]m based on the modeling by Nguyen et al [43]. Change in [Ca 2＋]m was calculated dividing the flux by Ca 2＋ -buffering power in mitochondria [45]. [H ＋ ]m or pH m was calculated from the fluxes through electron transport chain (VHu, VHleak, VHe, and VHeF) and transporters (VKH, VNHE, and VANT). Change in [H ＋ ]m for... We carried out a series of experiment demonstrating the role of mitochondria in the cytosolic and mitochondrial Ca2＋ transients and compared the results with those from computer simulation. In rat ventricular myocytes, increasing the rate of stimulation (1∼3 Hz) made both the diastolic and systolic [Ca2＋] bigger in mitochondria as well as in cytosol. As L-type Ca2＋ channel has key influence on the amplitude of Ca2＋-induced Ca2＋ release, the relation between stimulus frequency and the... -
Maximum Oxygen Consumption Determined by the Bruce and Inclined Treadmill Protocols
Kim, Kyu-Hwa, Kim, Hyeong-Jin, Kim, Kyoung-Soon 대한생리학회 대한생리학회지 8 Pages
대한생리학회 대한생리학회지 1993, 제 27권 제 2호 9 209-216 (8 pages)
assessing maximal aerobic power in children: the Odense School Child Study. Eur J Appl Physiol 58, 618-624 Kang BK, Lee WJ, Hwang SK & Choo YE (1988) Relationship between maximum oxygen uptake and heart rate on a graded exercise test. Kyungpook Univ Med J 29, 134-145 Kang DH, Hwang SK, Yeon DS, Yuh SH & Kim DW (1990) Relationship between oxygen up- take and cardiac output on... The aim of the present study was to derive regression equations for V̇o2max vs. V̇o2peak, and V̇O2 vs. heart rate, exercise time, and other variables from maximal exercise tests on a treadmill using the Bruce and inclined protocols. Twelve male and 10 female Korean college students aged between 19 and 23 years voIunteered for this study. After the resting measurements, the subjects performed a maximal exercise on a treadmill according to the Bruce protocol. When the resting... -
Restructuring Nippon Telegraph and Telephone
이유진 숙명여자대학교 다문화통합연구소 사회교육과학연구 29 Pages
숙명여자대학교 다문화통합연구소 사회교육과학연구 2004, 제 7권 제 2호 4 109-153 (29 pages)
of cabinet changes--from Hosokawa, Hata, Murayama, and finally to Hashimoto. They all came from different parties. LDP eventually returned to the government as a coalition partner but with its power somewhat curtailed. Given that NTT issue took the form of an intense power struggle between MPT and NTT, the political climate was not advantageous for MPT to achieve its intended policy goals. 19...