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전체 선택해제
총 317건 검색
본문검색 결과만 보기
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Browning Reaction을 이용한 Meat Flavor Extract의 개발
김덕숙, 김종승, Kim. Duk-Sook, Kim. Jong-Seung 한국식품영양학회 한국식품영양학회지 9 Pages
한국식품영양학회 한국식품영양학회지 2004, Vol.17 No.3 313-321 (9 pages)
Maillard reaction을 이용하여 제조한 여러 종류의 reaction meat flavor로부터 함유황 이원자고리 화합물을 분리, 농축한 다음 GC와 GC-MSD를 이용하연 함유황 이원자고리 화합물의 profile을 얻어 성분의 확인 및 정량분석을 시도하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. Reaction meat flavor의 함유황 이원자고리 화합물의 profile을 조사한 결과 7종의 thiozole과 11종의 thiophene을 동정 할 수 있었으며, thiophene, thinzolidine, 4-methyl-5-thiazole ethanol이 주요 생성 화합물이었다. 2. 함유황 이원자고리 화합물의 경우... -
Efficacy of Sodium Hypochlorite and Acidified Sodium Chlorite in Preventing Browning and Microbial Growth on Fresh-Cut Produce
Sun. Shih-Hui, Kim. Su-Jin, Kwak. Soo-Jin, Yoon. Ki-Sun 한국식품영양과학회 Preventive nutrition and food science 7 Pages
한국식품영양과학회 Preventive nutrition and food science 2012, Vol.17 No.3 210-216 (7 pages)
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Inhibition of Browning and Preference Improvements of Dioscorea batatas through the Addition of Sugar Alcohols and Organic Acids
Lee. Myung-Ki, Yang. Hye-Jung, Kim. Byoung-Mok, Jo. Ae-Ri, Park. Young-Min 한국식품영양과학회 Journal of food science and nutrition 6 Pages
한국식품영양과학회 Journal of food science and nutrition 2009, Vol.14 No.3 220-225 (6 pages)
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Effects of Salt Addition in Sugar Based Osmotic Dehydration on Mass Transfer and Browning Reaction of Carrots
Chang. Moon-Jeong, Han. Myung-Ryun, Kim. Myung-Hwan 한국식품영양과학회 Journal of food science and nutrition 5 Pages
한국식품영양과학회 Journal of food science and nutrition 2003, Vol.8 No.3 230-234 (5 pages)
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Physicochemical Assessment of Quality Characteristics of Extruded Barley Under Varied Storage Conditions -II. Non-enzymatic Browning-
신효선, 제이아이그레이, 에스엘큐페트, Shin. Hyo-Sun, Gray. J. Ian, Cuppett. Susan L. 한국식품과학회 한국식품과학회지 8 Pages
한국식품과학회 한국식품과학회지 1983, Vol.15 No.3 287-294 (8 pages)
3가지 다른 조건하에서 제조된 압출보리와 생보리를 0.31 및 0.71의 수분활성과 $25^{circ}C$ 및 $40^{circ}C$의 온도에서 각각 4개월 저장하면서 색도, 갈색화지수, 가용성 단백질, 환원당 및 유효성 리진의 변화에 대한 수분활성과 온도의 영향에 대하여 연구하였다. 저장기간의 경과와 함께 수분활성과 온도가 증가함에 따라 모든 시료에서 백색도의 손실이 증가하였다. 생보리는 압출보리보다 저장중 갈색화 지수의 증가가 심하였고, 설탕을 첨가하여 제조한 압출보리는 다른 압출보리보다 저장중 갈색화가 적었다. 수분활성과 온도가... -
고납유리의 X선 조사에 따른 Browning 현상에 관한 연구
박용완, 강원호 한국세라믹학회 요업학회지 5 Pages
한국세라믹학회 요업학회지 1983, Vol.20 No.3 250-254 (5 pages)
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Inhibition of Enzymatic Browning of Crown Daisy by Maillard Reaction Products
김지혜, 송현승, 박인식, Kim. Ji-Hae, Song. Hyeon-Seung, Park. Inshik 한국생명과학회 생명과학회지 5 Pages
한국생명과학회 생명과학회지 2012, Vol.22 No.11 1451-1455 (5 pages)
다양한 아미노산과 당을 $90^{circ}C$에서 반응시켜 생성한 마이얄반응 생성물(Maillard reaction product)은 쑥갓에서 추출한 폴리페놀산화효소(polyphenol Oxidase, PPO)를 강하게 저해하였다. 글리신(glycine)과 포도당을 함유한 반응물으로부터 MRP의 생성은 $90^{circ}C$에서 반응시간에 따라 직선적으로 증가하였으나 글리신과 포도당의 양은 상대적으로 감소하였다. 반응액에서 MRP의 증가함에 따라 반응액은 쑥갓 PPO활성을 비례적으로 강하게 저해하였다. 실험에 사용한 아미노산과 당중에서 글루타민과 자일로스를 아미노산과... -
Arginyl-fructosyl-glucose and Arginyl-fructose, Compounds Related to Browning Reaction in the Model System of Steaming and Heat-drying Processes for the Preparation of Red Ginseng
Suzuki. Yukio, Choi. Kang-Ju, Uchida. Kei, Ko. Sung-Ryong, Sohn. Hyun-Joo, Park. Jong-Dae 고려인삼학회 Journal of ginseng research 6 Pages
고려인삼학회 Journal of ginseng research 2004, Vol.28 No.3 143-148 (6 pages)
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Effects of the Preheating Treatments of Raw Ginseng in the Model System on the Synthesis of the Maillard Type-Browning Reaction Products of Red Ginseng
Suzuki. Yukio, Choi. Kang-Ju, Uchida. Kei, Ko. Sung-Ryong 고려인삼학회 Journal of ginseng research 7 Pages
고려인삼학회 Journal of ginseng research 2004, Vol.28 No.3 136-142 (7 pages)
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개신교 종교교육의 새로운 비전-삼중언어교육을 향하여
한국종교교육학회 종교교육학연구 2015, 제 49권 7 153-177 (25 pages)
본 논문은 한국 개신교 종교교육의 상황을 비판적으로 성찰한 뒤, 포스트모던 패러다임에 부응하는 한국 기독교교육의 새로운 비전을 찾는데 그 목적이 있다. 이 목적을 성취하기 위하여 본 논문은 두 가지의 연구주제를 탐색하였다. 첫째는 국내외의 기독교교육학 연구주제들을 비판적으로 탐색하는 것이었다. 그 결과, 외국의 경우에는 종교수업이론, 신앙공동체이론, 신앙발달이론, 해방이론, 그리고 해석이론 등이 주요한 연구주제로서 현재까지 논의되고 있음을 확인하였다. 그리고 국내의 경우에는 외국의 경우와 크게 다르지... -
DIGITAL ART & MEDIA LITERACY -on the Exhibition in GINUSEUM and Collaboration with Community Media Center Incheon
Oh Chang Geun 경인교육대학교 교육연구원 The Journal of Education 10 Pages
경인교육대학교 교육연구원 The Journal of Education 2020, Vol.3 No.2 8 125-134 (10 pages)
This paper explores digital artworks that were mainly exhibited in the art gallery of GINUSEUM in Gyeongin National University of Education, Korea, and in the Community Media Center in Incheon. Last year, nine renowned artists from Korea participated in a media art exhibition titled Media Sensibilia in GINUSEUM. Consequently, a digital installation from the exhibition was invited to the Community Media Center in Incheon, for the experiential education of the residents. The fundamental purpose of... -
Non-invasive quantification of hepatic fat content in healthy dogs by using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy and dual gradient echo magnetic resonance imaging
Francesca Del Chicca, Andrea Schwarz, Dieter Meier, Paula Grest, Annette Liesegang, Patrick R. Kircher 대한수의학회 Journal of Veterinary Science 7 Pages
대한수의학회 Journal of Veterinary Science 2018, 제 19권 제 4호 14 570-576 (7 pages)
The objective of the present study was to describe two non-invasive methods for fat quantification in normal canine liver by using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and spectroscopy. Eleven adult beagle dogs were anesthetized and underwent magnetic resonance examination of the cranial abdomen by performing morphologic, modified Dixon (mDixon) dual gradient echo sequence, and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) imaging. In addition, ultrasonographic liver examination was performed,... -
Histopathologic findings in uteri and ovaries collected from clinically healthy dogs at elective ovariohysterectomy: a cross-sectional study
Daniel Maya-Pulgarin, Mar?a Soledad Gonzalez-Dominguez, Diego Aranzazu-Taborda, Natalia Mendoza, Juan Guillermo Maldonado-Estrad 대한수의학회 Journal of Veterinary Science 8 Pages
대한수의학회 Journal of Veterinary Science 2017, 제 18권 제 3호 18 407-414 (8 pages)
Opinions on ovariohysterectomy (OHE) of bitches vary depending on region and country. In this descriptive, prospective cross-sectional study, uterine tracts and ovaries exhibiting gross pathologic findings (n = 76) were collected post-surgery from a reference population of 3,600 bitches (2.11% incidence) that underwent elective OHE during September to November 2013 and evaluated by histopathology examination. Data were evaluated by using descriptive statistics and chi-squared tests. Bitches were... -
Pathological characterization of TgElk mice injected with brain homogenate from elk with chronic wasting disease
Yong-Chul Jeon, Jin-Kyu Choi, Eun-Kyung Choi, Richard I. Carp, Yong-Sun Kim* 대한수의학회 Journal of Veterinary Science 6 Pages
대한수의학회 Journal of Veterinary Science 2013, 제 14권 제 1호 4 21-26 (6 pages)
Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is classified as a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy or prion disease that affects cervids. CWD has been reported in 15 US states, two Canadian provinces, and in imported elk on several farms in Korea. This study was conducted to examine the molecular biological and pathogenic characteristics of a CWD-associated prion isolated in Korea. The epidemiological origin of this pathogen was also determined. Homozygous TgElk mice were infected with a CWD-affected elk... -
C6, a new monoclonal antibody, reacts with the follicle-associated epithelium of calf ileal Peyer's patches
Kana Tozaki, Junpei Kimura, Masahiro Yasuda*, Nobuyuki Ryu, Testuo Nasu, Anton Pernthaner, Wayne R. Hein 대한수의학회 Journal of Veterinary Science 6 Pages
대한수의학회 Journal of Veterinary Science 2013, 제 14권 제 1호 1 1-6 (6 pages)
The follicle-associated epithelium (FAE) of Peyer's patches (PPs) contains M cells that are important for reducing mucosal immune responses by transporting antigens into the underlying lymphoid tissue. We generated a monoclonal antibody (C6) that reacted with the FAE of calf ileal PPs, and analyzed the characteristics of C6 using immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. FAE of the ileal PP was stained with C6 during both late fetal developmental and postnatal stages. Neither the villous... -
Risk factors associated with bacteriological cure, new infection, and incidence of clinical mastitis after dry cow therapy with three different antibiotics
Yasmin Gundelach, Elke Kalscheuer, Henning Hamann, Martina Hoedemaker* 대한수의학회 Journal of Veterinary Science 7 Pages
대한수의학회 Journal of Veterinary Science 2011, 제 12권 제 3호 5 227-233 (7 pages)
Factors affecting bacteriological cure rates (BCR) and new intramammary infections (IMI) during the dry period as well as clinical mastitis (CM) during early lactation were investigated in 414 German Holstein dairy cows receiving dry cow therapy. Cows were treated with either benethamine benzylpenicillin (300,000 IU), penethamate hydriodide (100,000 IU), and framycetin sulphate (100 mg, n = 136), or cefquinome (150 mg, n = 135), or benzathine cloxacillin (1,280 mg, n = 143). Overall BCR, IMI,... -
Virulence factors and genetic variability of uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from dogs and cats in Italy
Clara Tramuta, Daniele Nucera, Patrizia Robino, Sara Salvarani, Patrizia Nebbia* 대한수의학회 Journal of Veterinary Science 7 Pages
대한수의학회 Journal of Veterinary Science 2011, 제 12권 제 1호 8 49-55 (7 pages)
In this study, the association between virulence genotypes and phylogenetic groups among Escherichia (E.) coli isolates obtained from pet dogs and cats with cystitis was detected, and fingerprinting methods were used to explore the relationship among strains. Forty uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) isolated from dogs (n = 30) and cats (n = 10) in Italy were analysed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the presence of virulence factors and their classification into phylogenetic groups. The same... -
Determination of angiotensin I-converting enzyme activity in equine blood: lack of agreement between methods of analysis
Maria Fernanda de M. Costa*, Adriana K. Carmona, Marcio F. M. Alves, Timothy M. Ryan, Helen M. Davies, Garry A. Anderson, Ron F. 대한수의학회 Journal of Veterinary Science 5 Pages
대한수의학회 Journal of Veterinary Science 2011, 제 12권 제 1호 4 21-25 (5 pages)
Angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE) is a key regulator of blood pressure, electrolytes and fluid homeostasis through conversion of angiotensin I into angiotensin II. Recently, a genetic polymorphism of the ACE gene, which accounts for 47% of the variation of ACE activity in blood, has been advocated as a biomarker of athletic aptitude. Different methods of analysis and determination of ACE activity in plasma have been used in human and equine research without a consensus of a "gold standard"... -
Detection of Escherichia coli O157 and Escherichia coli O157:H7 by the immunomagnetic separation technique and stx1 and stx2 genes by multiplex PCR in slaughtered cattle in Samsun Province, Turkey
G?khan Inat*, Belgin Siriken 대한수의학회 Journal of Veterinary Science 6 Pages
대한수의학회 Journal of Veterinary Science 2010, 제 11권 제 4호 7 321-326 (6 pages)
This study was conducted to investigate the presence of Escherichia (E.) coli O157 and E. coli O157:H7 and stx1 and stx2 genes on cattle carcasses and in rectal samples collected from Samsun Province of Turkey. A total of 200 samples collected from cattle carcasses and the rectal contents of 100 slaughtered cattle from two commercial abattoirs were tested using the immunomagnetic separation technique and multiplex PCR methods. E. coli O157 and E. coli O157:H7 were detected in 52 of the 200... -
Genetic variability of the prion protein gene (PRNP) in wild ruminants from Italy and Scotland
Simone Peletto*, Matteo Perucchini, Cristina Acín, Mark P. Dalgleish, Hugh W. Reid, Roberto Rasero, Paola Sacchi, Paula Ste 대한수의학회 Journal of Veterinary Science 6 Pages
대한수의학회 Journal of Veterinary Science 2009, 제 10권 제 2호 4 115-120 (6 pages)
The genetics of the prion protein gene (PRNP) play a crucial role in determining the relative susceptibility to transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) in several mammalian species. To determine the PRNP gene variability in European red deer (Cervus elaphus), roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) and chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra), the PRNP open reading frame from 715 samples was analysed to reveal a total of ten single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). In red deer, SNPs were found in codons 15,... -
Prevalence of feline herpesvirus 1, feline calicivirus and Chlamydophila felis in clinically normal cats at a Korean animal shelter
Byeong-Teck Kang, Hee-Myung Park* 대한수의학회 Journal of Veterinary Science 3 Pages
대한수의학회 Journal of Veterinary Science 2008, 제 9권 제 2호 13 207-209 (3 pages)
The prevalence of feline herpesvirus-1 (FHV-1), feline calicivirus (FCV), and Chlamydophila (C.) felis was studied in cats of an animal shelter in Korea. Total 78 cats without ocular and upper respiratory tract disease were examined. Specimens were obtained from ocular conjunctiva and oropharynx. Using multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and reverse transcription PCR, three pathogens were simultaneously detected. In examined 78 cats, 49 (63%) cats were positive for FHV-1. However, all... -
Attenuation of ischemia-reperfusion injury by ascorbic acid in the canine renal transplantation
Jae-il Lee, Hwa-Young Son, Myung-cheol Kim 대한수의학회 Journal of Veterinary Science 5 Pages
대한수의학회 Journal of Veterinary Science 2006, 제 7권 제 4호 12 375-379 (5 pages)
This study examined the effects of ascorbic acid on the attenuation of an ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury after a canine renal transplantation. Eight beagle dogs were subjected to a renal auto-transplantation followed by the administration of ascorbic acid (treatment group) and the same amount of vehicle (physiological saline, control group). Blood samples were collected from these dogs to perform the kidney function tests and the invasive blood pressure was measured in the renal artery at... -
Identification and epidemiological characterization of Streptococcus uberis isolated from bovine mastitis using conventional and molecular methods
I. U. Khan, A. A. Hassan, A. Abdulmawjood, C. Lammler, W. Wolter, M. Zschock 대한수의학회 Journal of Veterinary Science 11 Pages
대한수의학회 Journal of Veterinary Science 2003, 제 4권 제 3호 3 213-223 (11 pages)
In the present study 130 S. uberis strains and one S. parauberis strain isolated from bovine milk samples of 58 different farms of various locations in Hesse, Germany, as well as two reference strains of each species were comparatively investigated for cultural, biochemical, serological and molecular properties. All S. uberis strains produced the enzyme β-D-glucuronidase, while the S. parauberis strains were negative. The S. uberis and S. parauberis 16S rRNA genes were amplified by polymerase... -
원저 : 한국호흡기형 닭전염성기관지염 생독백신주의 작성
최강석, 전우진, 이은경, 계수정, 박미자, 권준헌 대한수의학회 Korean Journal of Veterinary Research(구 대한수의학회지) 9 Pages
대한수의학회 Korean Journal of Veterinary Research(구 대한수의학회지) 2011, 제 51권 제 3호 3 193-201 (9 pages)
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비만형 동물모델에서 복합 한약 추출물 CAPA의 비만 및 당대사 개선 효능
송미영(Mi young Song) 한방비만학회 대한한방비만학회지 8 Pages
한방비만학회 대한한방비만학회지 2017, 제 17권 제 2호 8 119-126 (8 pages)
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Voluntary stand-up physical activity enhances endurance exercise capacity in rats
DaeYunSeo, SungRyulLee, Hyo-BumKwak, KyoWonSeo, RobinAMcGregor, JiYoungYeo, TaeHeeKo, SaranhuuBolorerdene, NariKim, KyungSooKo, ByoungDooR 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology 9 Pages
대한생리학회-대한약리학회 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology 2016, Vol.20 No.3 8 287-295 (9 pages)
Involuntary physical activity induced by the avoidance of electrical shock leads to improved endurance exercise capacity in animals. However, it remains unknown whether voluntary stand-up physical activity (SPA) without forced simulating factors improves endurance exercise capacity in animals. We examined the eff ects of SPA on body weight, cardiac function, and endurance exercise capacity for 12 weeks. Twelve male Sprague-Dawley rats (aged 8 weeks, n=6 per group) were randomly assigned to a... -
Ursolic Acid-Induced Elevation of Serum Irisin Augments Muscle Strength During Resistance Training in Men
HyunSeokBang, DaeYunSeo, YongMinChung, Kyoung-MoOh, JungJunPark, FigueroaArturo6, Seung-HunJeong, NariKim, JinHan 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology 6 Pages
대한생리학회-대한약리학회 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology 2014, Vol.18 No.5 13 441-446 (6 pages)
Ursolic acid (UA), a type of pentacyclic triterpenoid carboxylic acid purified from natural plants, can promote skeletal muscle development. We measured the effect of resistance training (RT) with/without UA on skeletal muscle development and related factors in men. Sixteen healthy male participants (age, 29.37±5.14 years; body mass index=27.13±2.16 kg/m2) were randomly assigned to RT (n=7) or RT with UA (RT+UA, n=9) groups. Both groups completed 8 weeks of intervention consisting of 5 sets of... -
Exendin-4 Improves Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Regulating Glucose Transporter 4 Expression in ob/ob Mice
SeokKim, JaehoonJung, HwajinKim, RokWonHeo, Chin-okYi, JungEunLee, ByeongTakJeon, Won-HoKim, JongRyealHahm, GuSeobRoh 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology 7 Pages
대한생리학회-대한약리학회 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology 2014, Vol.18 No.4 8 333-339 (7 pages)
Exendin-4 (Ex-4), a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonist, has been known to reverse hepatic steatosis in ob/ob mice. Although many studies have evaluated molecular targets of Ex-4, its mechanism of action on hepatic steatosis and fibrosis has not fully been determined. In the liver, glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) is mainly expressed in hepatocytes, endothelial cells and hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). In the present study, the effects of Ex-4 on GLUT4 expression were determined in the... -
Effect of Exercise Intensity on Unfolded Protein Response in Skeletal Muscle of Rat
KihoonKim, Yun-HyeKim, Sung-HyeLee, Man-JoongJeon, So-YoungPark, Kyung-OhDoh 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology 6 Pages
대한생리학회-대한약리학회 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology 2014, Vol.18 No.3 3 211-216 (6 pages)
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, unfolded protein response (UPR), and mitochondrial biogenesis were assessed following varying intensities of exercise training. The animals were randomly assigned to receive either low- (LIT, n=7) or high intensity training (HIT, n=7), or were assigned to a control group (n=7). Over 5 weeks, the animals in the LIT were exercised on a treadmill with a 10° incline for 60 min at a speed of 20 m/min group, and in the HIT group at a speed of 34 m/min for 5 days a... -
Advanced Glycation End Products and Diabetic Complications
VarunParkashSingh, AnjanaBali, NirmalSingh, AmteshwarSinghJaggi 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology 14 Pages
대한생리학회-대한약리학회 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology 2014, Vol.18 No.1 1 1-14 (14 pages)
During long standing hyperglycaemic state in diabetes mellitus, glucose forms covalent adducts with the plasma proteins through a non-enzymatic process known as glycation. Protein glycation and formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications like retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, cardiomyopathy along with some other diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, osteoporosis and aging. Glycation of proteins interferes with... -
Roles of Dopaminergic D1 and D2 Receptors in Catecholamine Release from the Rat Adrenal Medulla
YoungJooBaek, YooSeongSeo, DongYoonLim 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology 12 Pages
대한생리학회-대한약리학회 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology 2008, Vol.12 No.1 3 13-24 (12 pages)
The aim of the present study was designed to establish comparatively the inhibitory effects of D1-like and D2-like dopaminergic receptor agonists, SKF81297 and R(-)-TNPA on the release of catecholamines (CA) evoked by cholinergic stimulation and membrane depolarization from the isolated perfused model of the rat adrenal medulla. SKF81297 (30ՌM) and R-(-)-TNPA (30ՌM) perfused into an adrenal vein for 60 min, produced great inhibition in the CA secretory responses evoked by ACh... -
Influence of SKF81297 on Catecholamine Release from the Perfused Rat Adrenal Medulla
Deok-HoChoi, Jong-HeeCha, Dong-YoonLim 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology 10 Pages
대한생리학회-대한약리학회 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology 2007, Vol.11 No.5 6 197-206 (10 pages)
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of 6-chloro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-2,3, 4,5-tetrahydro-1H-3-benzazepine (SKF81297), a selective agonist of dopaminergic D1 receptor, on the secretion of catecholamines (CA) evoked by cholinergic stimulation and membrane-depolarization in the isolated perfused rat adrenal gland, and also to elucidate the mechanism involved. SKF81297 (10∼100μM) perfused into an adrenal vein for 60 min produced dose- and time-dependent inhibition of CA...
