Many patients with hepatocellualr carcioma(HCC) treated by surgical resectio experience recurrence sooner or later. The authors analyzed the angiographic features and survival data of patients treated by transarterial chemoembokization(TAE) after recurrence to evaluated the effectiveness of TAE on postoperative recurrent HCC, Sixty-nine patients with HCC were operated on before September 1989 and had recurrence. All were treated by TAE with a Lipiodol-Adriamycin mixture with or without Gelfoam embolization. Angiographic types of the recurrent HCC were the multinodular type in 57.1%, single nodular type in 27%, diffuse type in 12.7% and single nodular type with perinodal extension in 3.2%. One and two-year survival rates after recurrence were 65.8% and 43.4%, respectively, and were not significantly different from the 310 patients who were not operated on but had good liver function. A 2 year survival rate after surgery was 68.7% and significantly better than that of patients who were not operated on. With transarterial chemoembolization, the survival rate after recurrence was the same as that of patients who were not operated on. TAE can be the effective means of treating recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma.