Peliosis hepatis is a rare disease, resulting in blood filled spaces in the hepatic parenchyma. The authors report a case of peliosis hepatis associated with cholangiocarcinoma of the liver, and include a review of the literature. A 56-year-old man presented with febrile sensation and abdominal distention. Spiral CT showed an irregularly marginated mass, 4cm in size and with peripheral enhancement, in the left lobe of the liver, which was enlarged; its right hepatic lobe revealed inhomogeneous enhancement in portal dominant phase and homogeneous enhancement in the equilibrium phase. Pathologic reports revealed adenocarcinoma in the left lobe of the liver and peliosis hepatis in the right lobe.