The steric stability by adsorption of surfactant to the labric and interfacial electrical condition such as the ${zeta}-potential$ and the interaction energy between substrate and particle of fabric treated with hydrophilic and hydrophobic chemical was examined as a fundamental environment of detergency of particulate soil. The hydrophilic and hydro-phobic finish for PET fabric were treated with polyester, silicone and fluorine organic compound of resin respectively. The adsorption of anionic and nonionic surfactant to fabric were measured by abbott method and HPLC analysis. And the ${zeta}-potential$ of particles and fabric were measured by microelectrophoresis and streaming potential method, respectively. The potential energy of interaction between u·Fe201 particle and fiber were calculated by using the heteroco-agulation theory for a sphere-plate model. The adsorption of anionic and nonionic surfactant to polyester fabric was largely influenced by concentration of surfactant and ionic strength as compared to concentration of finishing agent and adsorption time of surfactant regardless of chemicals. And the adsorption of surfactant to fabric treated with hydrophobic chemicals was higher than fabric treated with hydrophilic chemicals. With the increase of concentration of finishing agent, the ${zeta}-potential$ of fiber treated with hydrophilic and hydrophobic chemical were converted from negative to positive regardless of chemicals. And the potential energy of interaction between ${alpha}-Fe_2O_3$ particle and fiber were adhesion force in fabric treated with hydrophobic chemical and repulsion force in fabric treated with hydrophilic chemical.