Objective : Inflammatory cytokines have a close relationship to insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). The inhibitory effect of Smilacis Glabrae Rhizoma (SGR) were examined on production of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin $E_2$ $(PGE_2)$, synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), tumor necrosis factor-${alpha}$ (TNF-${alpha}$) and NF-${kappa}$B activation in Raw 264.7 cells. Methods: Raw 264.7 cells were pretreated with SGR(20, 50, 100 ${mu}g$/ml), and then cultured with lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Cell viability was measured by MTT assay; inhibition of NO, $PGE_2$, and TNF-${alpha}$ production were measured by Griess reagent and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). Induction of COX-2 and iNOS were determined by western blotting analysis. Inhibition of NF-${kappa}$B was measured by immunofluorescence assay (IFA). Results: SGR inactivated NF-${kappa}$B, and inhibited the production of NO, iNOS, and $PGE_2$. Inhibition of COX-2 and TNF-${alpha}$ could not be confirmed. Conclusions: From the above result. SGR was found to have an anti-inflammatory effect of inhibition of NO, iNOS, and $PGE_2$ production via inhibition of NF-${kappa}$B.