Delivery of therapeutic protein drugs is a hot issue in the clinical application, because protein drugs have low side effects and highly therapeutic effects compared with chemical drugs. Despite their prominent advantages, protein drugs have high risk for human therapy such as their easy degradation by proteolytic enzymes, renal filtration and immune response. Over the past few decades, a large number of polysaccharides as vehicles for the protein delivery system have been developed to overcome the problems. This review presents the studies on protein delivery based on polysaccharides used as stabilizer and vehicles comprising nano- or microspheres to overcome inherent limitations of therapeutic proteins.