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부모 양육행동에서 나타난 문화적 영향에 대한 연구 고찰
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  • 부모 양육행동에서 나타난 문화적 영향에 대한 연구 고찰
  • A Literature Review of the Effects of Culture in Parents’ Child-Rearing Behaviors in Divergent Cultural Contexts
저자명
김수정
간행물명
인간발달연구KCI
권/호정보
2015년|22권 4호(통권64호)|pp.1-19 (19 pages)
발행정보
한국인간발달학회|한국
파일정보
정기간행물|KOR|
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국문초록

본 문헌연구는 부모의 양육행동 연구에 있어 문화가 어떻게 이해되는지에 관한 다양한 이론적 접근들을 살펴보고, 문화와 부모의 양육행동 간의 관계를 살펴봄에 있어 문화를 이해하는 보다 명확한 방안을 제 시하는 것을 그 목적으로 하고 있다. 부모의 양육행동에서의 문화의 영향을 살펴본 문화인류학 및 비교 문화심리학 분야의 연구들을 망라하여 선행하는 이론적, 경험적 연구들을 대상으로 분석한 결과 4가지의 이론적 틀의 범주―개인주의 혹은 집단주의라는 이분법적인 이론적 틀; 개인주의와 집단주의 문화의 공 존을 강조한 이론적 틀; 토착문화 심리체계의 이론적 틀; 생태-문화적 이론적 틀―가 제안되었다. 이들 네 가지의 이론적 틀을 고찰한 결과, 다양한 문화적 맥락 내에서의 문화와 부모 행동 간의 관계를 보다 잘 이해하기 위한 다음의 방안들이 제안되었다. 첫째, 이분법적인 이론적 틀은 더 이상의 적용이 지양되어야 할 것이다. 둘째, 특정 문화적 맥락에서의 개인 간의 다양성을 설명하기 위한 방안으로써 사회구조적인 요소들을 고려해야 한다는 것이다. 마지막으로, 부모의 양육행동과 문화와의 관계를 살필 때에 개개인의 부모의 역할에 대한 충분한 고려가 있어야 한다는 점이다. 이러한 제안점을 반영한 문화의 이해는 어떻 게 특정 그룹 내의 개개인의 부모가 그들 고유의 문화적 가치관을 형성하고, 이를 토대로 다양한 양육행 동을 하게 되는지에 관한 이해를 도울 것이다.

영문초록

In this literature review, I reviewed the theoretical approaches that attempt to examine how parenting behaviors relate to shared cultural beliefs or individual parents’ cultural models in diverse cultural contexts. The proposed categorization of the theoretical frameworks was as follows: the dichotomized framework (individualism versus collectivism); the coexistence of individualism and collectivism; the indigenous cultural beliefs systems; and the eco-cultural framework. The examination of these four theoretical frameworks made it possible to propose some pathways to better understand the relationship between culture and parenting in diverse cultural contexts. First, the dichotomized parents’ cultural models were suggested not to be applied any more. Second, the necessity of considering the role of structural factors in examining the cultural process of parenting was suggested, in order to find the variability in parents’ cultural models and their parenting behaviors within a particular cultural context. Last, the necessity of considering the role of individual parents was proposed. These results would help researchers understand how individual parents construct their own cultural models and parenting behaviors.

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