Japan produced eighteen Nobel Prize winners as of 2012. This is a small number comparing with those of the US, England, Germany and other European countries. While the US produced 239 Nobel laureates in natural science, and England and Germany did 77 and 68 respectively, Japan produced only fifteen. In spite of this, only Japan produced more than ten Nobel laureates in natural science in the world except the countries above mentioned. This study illustrates the characteristics of education that Japanese Nobel Prize winners received and of environment where they studied their majors. All of Japanese Nobel Prize winners graduated from Japanese prestigious national universities such as Tokyo University, Kyoto University and so on. They had to study very hard to enter such universities when they were junior high or high school students. Out of eighteen Japanese Nobel laureates, seven received education at high schools having liberal arts course under the prewar education system in Japan. Some laureates read a lot of books when they were students. Some studied their majors at university or laboratory in their country or abroad under a friendly atmosphere. And some love to study because it is interesting for them to study. Among fifteen Japanese Nobel laureates in natural science, eleven won the Nobel Prize through their studying in their country, most of whom were professors at university. Three were awarded to the Nobel Prize through their studying abroad, who were professors or a research fellow in the US or Switzerland. And one won the Nobel Prize through his going to the US for study.