The purpose of this study is to draw definition of deinstitutionalization in the clients’point
of view by exploring the experience of people with disabilities in the deinstitutionalization
process shifting from the residential care to the community living. It can also provide information
to establish person-centered services system for deinstitutionalization.
In order to accomplish the purpose of the study, 14 people with disabilities living in the
local community were recruited for the in-depth interview. Interpretative phenomenological
analysis method was used to analyze the data.
As a result, participants decided to come out of the residential institution because of ‘oppression and control,’ or ‘dull and lethargic life,’ or ‘dehumanization.’ Despite of objection
of family and residential facilities, and ‘fear of unknown,’ they decided to take the courage
to come out of the residential institution. The biggest challenge for them was to having the
house, after that they had to make efforts to adapt to the ‘changed life.’ They mentioned
that the biggest change was ‘freedom in daily life’ and ‘point of view toward life’ when they
left the residential facilities to live in the community.
Based on the result above, this study suggested following suggestions. First, deinstitutionalization
policy should be established and operated by the government level. Second, the government needs
to provide necessary information to people with disabilities to protect their right in deciding their
own life. Third, it is necessary to expand the housing support system for people with disabilities.
Fourth, it is necessary to develop and network among the social welfare services for people with
disabilities in oder to live as a human being in the community. Fifth, personal assistance services
should be expanded and guaranteed as needed.