The purpose of this study is to find out what factors inhibit the exercise of parental education subjectivity and why parents have difficulties in fulfill their educational role. To accomplish this purpose, the educational system and its actual situation were analysed and philosophical, social and cultural aspects were reviewed. There are some problems with the limitations of the parents themselves, history and cultural traditions, but the root cause is the monopoly, centralized and closed operation of the education of the Nation and the Office of Education. In addition, there are limitation of the school in the educational structure centered on the entrance examination and the limitation of the school principal and the teacher's leadership. The Nation and the Office of Education should be operate the education openly and respect independent decision-making of the school community. Furthermore, it is necessary to clarify the status, role, rights and duties of parents. The school principals should encourage spontaneous and active engagement of parents, and actively support parental organizations. The teachers should foster communication and cooperation with parents by respecting parents and creating a relaxed atmosphere. In order to establish the status as an educational subject and to fulfill its role, parents also should increase self-awareness and exercise their subjectivity. They should change their roles from the assistants of school to the learning subjects and from the educational demanders to the guardians of education. Parents should be the subject of educational reform that drives change and innovation.