There are 31 portraits of high Buddhist monks created in the late Joseon at Donghwasa Temple located in Mt. Palgong of Daegu. Of the portraits, The Portrait of Samyeongdangdaejang, Treasure No. 1505, has “Gagyeongwonnyeonbyeongjin(嘉慶元年丙辰)...”(1796) written in Chinese ink in the lower lefthand corner and has been thus considered as a work whose year of creation can be estimated. Despite the written clue, however, the academy has presented many different theories about its year of creation including the latter half of the 17th century, before the year 1796, and the year of 1796, given that its canvas composition and color uses were in an old style completely different from that of the latter half of the 18th century.
This study raised a possibility that it was painted by Master Painter Uigyun, whose scope of activity covered Mt. Palgong centered around Donghwasa Temple between the end of the 17th century and the early 18th century, based on its form and characteristics with detailed expressions.
The study compared his remaining Buddhist paintings with The Portrait of Samyeongdangdaejang for common expressive elements including, firstly, the “concentric circles” (weather vanes) patterns on the sacerdotal robes, secondly, the “wood grains” patterns on the Beopjwa(法座), Daejwa(臺座), Jokjwa(足座), and the Korean mandolin(琵琶), and finally the detailed common elements on the expressions of the figures, proving that The Portrait of Samyeongdangdaejang was painted by Uigyun.
Of all the portraits remaining in the nation today, only an extremely small number of portraits of high priests have a clear year of creation and painter. Thus the study presents The Portrait of Samyeongdangdaejang painted by Master Painter Uigyun of Donghwasa Temple as one of the greatest portraits of high priests from the latter half of Joseon whose painters and years of creation are confirmed. Given that all the portraits of high priests whose years of creation are written on the canvas were created in the 18th century or later, The Portrait of Samyeongdangdaejang painted in the late 17th century claims its significance as a reference of the 17th-century portraits, which remain not very well known in the nation.