This study analyzes the opinions of teachers and parents on teacher grievances and on the role of teacher organizations. The data was collected basically through a questionaire survey. Respondents included 592 teachers and 421 parents in kindergartens and primary, middle and high schools. Statistical analyses of multiple regression was conducted to analyze the relationship between sampled groups' responses on teacher grievances and expected role of teacher organizations. The results of the analyses show that teachers and parents both showed grievances dissatisfaction on teacher' salaries and benefits, administrative burdens, poor research environment and teacher rights. Teachers tended to express stronger sentiments of grievances, as compared to parents. Sampled respondants, both teachers and parents, asserted that teacher organizations need to expand their roles, and especially for more efforts to improve schools' teaching and learning conditions. Teachers generally expressed strong dissatisfaction on policies of education authorities, limited opportunities to participate in school management, and on wages and benefits. These sentiments seem to be influencing the responses and expectations on various roles that teacher organizations were expected to play. Results throw new light on the need to make more efforts to reduce the gap on expected role of teacher organizations by parents and teachers. The concluding section of study provides some new suggestions and implications for reestablishing the role of teacher organizations. The study also points out the the need for increased research on teacher organizations in Korea.