The study of teaching/learning methods is important because the objective of education can be accomplished through the teaching /learning processes. There is no unique, absolute teaching/learning method in the teaching/learning processes. For improvement in instruction, various teaching/learning methods should be developed. The information-processing theory models that have been proposed in the field of cognitive psychology, for explanations of thought and memory, view perceptual and cognitive operations as taking place in stages or steps, for example as input, encoding, storage, retrieval and output. Information-processing theory is very helpful for understanding of human mental processes and the human learning processes. The purpose of this study is to review information-processing theory, to extract the educational principles and foundations from the theory, and to propose a model of music teaching/learning and music teaching/learning method based on information-processing theory. The application of information-processing theory to music education is important to provide the principles and foundations for the methods and to understand processes of music learning/teaching. Specifically, for the method of music learning/teaching, amount of instruction, automatic and controlled processes, rehearsal, encoding, organization, cognitive strategies, metacognition and self-regulation learning are individually discussed.