The purpose of this study is to find out the influence of word-play activities through Korean traditional music on phoneme recognition capability and vocabulary of early childhood in multi-cultural family. In order to solve such research issues, the word-play activities through Korean traditional music was implemented with the subject of 3 5-year old and 3 4-year old early childhoods in multi-cultural family consisted of the class of this researcher at A Elementary School Annex Kindergarten located in Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do. A total of 32 times with twice a week and for 16 weeks, and after selecting the Korean traditional music as appropriate to the living theme for each week, the 1st class was on learning the Korean traditional music and the 2nd class was on Korean traditional music singing, word-play activities, phoneme recognition, and remembering vocabulary related activities. When comprehensively considering such study, the word-play activities through the Korean traditional music may be able to contribute to the program that may influence positively on the improvement of phoneme recognition capability and vocabulary of early childhood in multi-cultural family. This study has the implication to discover the value of word-play activities through the Korean traditional music in the aspect of phoneme recognition capability and vocabulary of early childhood in multi-cultural family and help improving on linguistic capability of early childhood in multi-cultural family in the field of early childhood education.