The purpose of this paper is to see what kinds of effects cooperative group games have on young children s role taking ability and to provide basic material concerning relevant teaching/learning methods.This paper sets its research subjects as follows:1. Do cooperative group games really have effects on young children s role taking ability?2. Does the gender affect young children s role taking ability in cooperative group games?This research was conducted by 46 five-year olds(23 in the treatment group and 23 in the controlled group) at N Kindergarten in Bucheon, Korea. As for research tools, this research used those of Selman and Byrne(1974), Flavell, Botkin and Fey(1968), and Landry and Lyonds-Ruth(1980), as translated and revised by Lee Mi-jin(1985) and re-revised by Lee Hyun-gyung(2000) for measurement of examination results of young children s role taking ability.Treatment of data was based on T-test of differences between groups and genders of the prior and the subsequent test score of role taking ability on the part of both the treatment group and the controlled group.The results of this research are as follows: First, cooperative group game activities appear to show statistically significant difference in young children s role taking ability, (p<.001) which can be interpreted as their having positive effect s on young children s role taking ability. Second, the factor of gender does not show significant difference in young children s role taking ability through cooperative group game activities.