The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of the application of the science teaching program based on science history that can transform the perceptual change of the nature of science into a modern perspective. To this aim, after applying the teaching program about the atomic weight standard, both the perceptual change of nature of science and the achievement related to knowledge of students was compared with the perceptual change and the achievement in the case of applying the traditional teaching program. The post-test was conducted on the same
questions for two groups treated with different programs was compared with the pretest before treating two programs. In the post-test, the group of the program of science history was superior to the group of the traditional program in view of the nature of science - the theory-ladenness of scientific observation, the tentativeness of scientific knowledge and the perception of scientific methods, and in view of the achievement related to the knowledge of the atomic weight. This results mean that the teaching method based on scientific history about the change of the standard of atomic weight is effective to change the nature of students science to the modern point of view.