Objective: This study aims to examine the effectiveness of the program by developing a STEAM-based Education for Sustainable Development program to improve the capacity of pre-service early childhood teachers for education for sustainable development. Methods: The final program was formed through literature analysis, demand survey, draft composition, first expert council, preliminary research, and second expert council according to the procedure to develop the program. To examine the effectiveness of the final program, 24 pre-service early childhood teachers at B University located in B city were recruited from March 8 to June 14, 2023. Results: The STEAM-based sustainable development education program for improving the educational capabilities of pre-service early childhood teachers comprises educational content, teaching and learning methods, and evaluation that can be achieved by integrating social, economic, and environmental aspects based on the goal of sustainable development. In addition, this program improved, pre-service early childhood teachers' ESD competencies and STEAM literacy. Conclusions: This study is meaningful in presenting a new model of education by demonstrating that STEAM-based Education for Sustainable Development programs for pre-service early childhood teachers are effective in improving the ESD competencies and STEAM literacy of pre-service early childhood teachers.