The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate the immediate effects of music therapy on fatigue in patients on a bone marrow transplant unit during a single-session randomized wait-list controlled trial utilizing an established psychometric instrument. Participants (N = 20) were randomly assigned to experimental or control groups. Participants in the experimental group received music therapy prior to completing the Lee Fatigue Scale (Lee, Hicks, & Nino-Murcia, 1991) while patients in the wait-list control condition received music therapy services after they completed the instrument. There was a significant between-group difference in the fatigue subscale, with experimental participants having less fatigue than control participants. Experimental participants tended to have slightly higher mean energy subscale scores than control participants. From the results of this study, it seems that music therapy can have an immediate impact on fatigue in patients undergoing bone marrow transplants. Limitations and suggestions for future research are provided.