The importance of bronchial occlusion which occurs in the natural course of tuberculosis as an inconstant but very fortunate event became obscured with the popularity of resection therapy for pulmonary tuberculosis and the resectional surgery and thoracoplasty are the standard method of surgical procedure in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis. However in some cases of far advanced pulmonary tuberculosis, the need for another surgical methods arise when standard method is not indicated under the consideration of poor pulmonary function or operative and postoperative complications such as bronchial fistula. The ligation and division of bronchus draining the involved part of the lung is one of the applicable method among the another surgical procedures. The authors experienced one case of far advanced pulmonary tuberculosis who had a huge cavity in the right upper lobe and a small cavity in the superior segment accomanying with several nodular densities in the basal segment and contralateral left lung field, and treated with right upper lobectomy, ligation and division of the superior segmental bronchus and concomitant rib-resectional thoracoplasty in order to prevent postoperative bronchial fistula and to preserve maximal lung function. The postoperative course was smooth without complication regarding to bronchial ligation and division technique and the general condition has been excellent without symptoms. The postoperative sputum examination for AFB on smear and culture has been negative during the 11 month period of follow up, and X-ray of the chest including tomography demonstrated no evidence of residual cavity indicating succesful collapse of cavity.[KTCS 1969;1:141-146]