Despite the major technological advance in recent years, the goal-"Cure" or control of the most cancers have not yet been achieved. These failures of cancer control are due either to local recurrence at the site of surgery or to distant metastasis. In order to prevent regrowth of the cancer cells left at the time of surgery or to prevent spreading of cancer cells through the blood vessel or lymphatic channel at the time of surgical manipulation, preperative irradiation has been practiced. Pre-operative irradiation means a planned combined procedure which requres that a predetermined dose of irriadiation is followed after a stated interval by a definite surgical procedure. Literatures practical procedures and advantages and disadvantages of the pre-operative irradition. THere two methods of pre-operative irradiation : Full dose method; to irradiate a dose of 4,000 to 6,000 rads in 4 to 6 weeks and, Moderate dose method; to irradiate 2,000 to 3,000 rads in 2 to 3 weeks. The optimal time interval between the completion of the irradiation and surgery is considered to be a period of 4 to 6 weeks in full dose irradiation and 1-3 weeks in moderate dose method. A review of experience with pre-operative radioerapy in cancer shows that full dose irradiation followed by radical surgaical extirpation of the tumor and the node-bearing areas has been used successfully in the management of neoplasms arising in many anatomical sites. Moderate dose of radiotherapy given in a short period of time followed by radical surgery has also been associated with improved results in management of many tumor sites. The apparently favorable effects of moderate dose irradiation are of practical interest and include shorter duration of time under irradiation, the decreased interval before operation and the probable decrease in operative morbidity.morbidity.