The authors observed the effect of estrogen and progesterone on the submaxillary glands of female albino rabbits ovariectomized bilaterally. The animals were injected estrogen 25 ㎍ /kg, day intramuscullarly for 1 week, Progesterone was also injected intramuscullarly 0.5 ㎍/kg, day for five days after estrogen injection. After hormone injection, salivary glands were removed under ether anesthesia and the sections were stained with H-E stain for microscopic examination. In the estrogen injected-ovariectomized rabbits, glandular epithelial cells and a part of striated duct cells have high reactivity for hematoxylin and observed the proliferation or hypertrophy of interlobular connective tissues. In the estrogen-progesterone injected group, lesser significant changes than estrogen injected group were observed.