Positive contrast peritoneography is a reasonably safe and quite accurate method, identifying patent vaginal processes, hernias, communication hydroceles, and undescened testes, etc., The examination is simple to perform and interpret and can also be used to evaluate diaphragmatic abnormalities and spleen, and some intraperitoneal masses. Positive contrast peritoneography were performed in 26 cases at Busan National University Hospital during the period from October 1973 to August 1974. The results were as follows: 1. Successful peritoneograms are obtained in 24 cases among the total of 26 cases. 20 out of 24 cases were confirmed by operation. 3. Among the 20 cases operated 11 cases showed unilateral open saces, and 7 cases showed bilateral open sacs. 4. The accuracy of these peritoneography was 89%, however, the accuracy of the physical examination was 67%.