A set of study has been made on the table of vehicle running costs, officially used by Korean government, in view to clarifay the relative value of costs composition characteristic and reduction rate due to road surface improvement. The amount of vehicle running costs in Korea and of the components, has been compared, with the corresponding value of the USA, Japan, France, Great Britain and Italy. Findings are briefly summerized : vehicle running costs have been found to be generally much expensive in Korea than the four developed countries except Italy; and significant differences have been also found on the pattern of savings for components of vehicle running costs presumable by pavement construction on road surface, between two countries, Korea and the USA.