에탄올-물 혼합용매에서 납전극을 사용하여 니트로벤젠(${phi}NO_2$)과 그 유도체의 전해 환원반응을 조사하였다. 산성용액에서는 퍼텐셜에 따라 ${phi}NHOH;및;{phi}NH_2$가 생성되었으며 니트로벤젠(${phi}NO$)은 중간체가 아닌것으로 보였다. 염기성 용액에서는 ${phi}NO$가 생성되며 더 낮은 퍼텐셜에서 환원시키면 ${phi}N=N{phi}$ 등 짝지어진 화합물이 생성됨을 확인하였다. 사용한 전해질 용액에서 ${phi}NO;와;{phi}NHOH$ 사이에 화학적인 짝지음 반응(coupling reaction)은 일어나지 않았다. 각각의 반응에 대해 전류-전압관계와 pH 의존도 및 반응물질에대한 반응 차수로부터 반응 메카니즘을 도출하였다. ${phi}NO$가 생성되는 반응은 치환기가 있을 때도 같은 메카니즘을 따르는 것으로 보인다.
Electrochemical reduction of nitrobenzene (${phi}NO_2$) and its derivatives on Pb electrode was studied by means of galvanostatic measurements and coulometric electrolysis in ethanol-water solvent. In acidic solutions phenylhydroxyl amine and aniline ethanol-water solvent. In acidic solutions phenylhydroxyl amine and aniline were produced while nitrosobenzene and coupled products such as azo-and hydrazobenzene were produced in basic solutions. Nitrosobenzene (${phi}NO$) was not found to be an intermediate in the reduction reactions of ${phi}NO_2$ in acidic solutions. No direct coupling between ${phi}NO;and;{phi}NHOH$ was observed to occur in the electrolyte solutions used. Mechanisms of the production of phenylhydroxylamine and nitrosobenzene are deduced from Tafel slope, pH dependence and reaction order with respect to nitrobenzene. Mechanism for the reduction of substituted nitrobenzenes seems to be identical to that of nitrobenzene.
