Patent ductus arteriosus is not uncommon congenital heart disease. Patent ductus arteriosus associated with mitral regurgitation is very rare, however especially nonrheumatic in character. In such a case, a ligation of ductus arteriosus alone makes it regress the symptoms and signs of mitral regurgitation. Till recent days, we have experienced 10 cases of patent ductus arteriosus with mitral regurgitation who had been undergone a ligation of ductus arteriosus alone with good clinical benefits. In 5 cases among above patients, we have followed up the patients from 4 months to 6 years. Herewith, we report these cases with review of some literatures. [KTCS 1982;3:321-324]