This experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of monosaccharides extracted by saturated portland cement solution on the cement setting in comparision with the inhibitory index (I) of each lignocellulosic-cement system. The wood species which have been widely reforested in Korea, Populus alba-grandulosa, Larix leptolepis, Abies holophylla, Pinus koraiensis, Pinus rigida, Pinus densiflora and agricultural wastes of rice husk and rice stalk were used at this study. The wood meal, 0.50g on dry weight basis, through 0.83 mm(20 mesh) and retained on 0.35mm (40 mesh) screen was extracted by 25 ml saturated portland cement solution and the pH of saturated portland cement solution Was 12.7. To eliminate cation exsisting in the extracted solution, the cation exchange column was used (Fig. 4). Afterwards the extracted monosaccharides were reduced into alditols with sodium borohydride and analyzed by the gas-liquid chromatography for xylan, mannan, arabinan, galactan, gluean. The heat of cement hydration for lignocellulosic-cement system was measured in Dewar flask (Fig. 2). And then the inhibitory indices were calculated from maximum hydration temperature, time and maximum slops of hydration curve of ligno cellulosic-cement systems. The results obtained were as follows; (1) The inhibitory index of pines-Pinus rigida (I=29.33) and Pinus densiflora (I=35.76), were lower than that of poplar-Populus alba-glandulosa (I=41.48), and the index of Larix ieptoiepis (I=73.00) was the highest among eight lignocellulosic-cement systems, and accordingly both Pinus rigida and Pinus des(flora were seemed to be good wood species for wood-cement composite manufacture. (2) In case of Pinus rigida, the inhibitory index was 29.33 and the ratio of the hexoses to the pemoses was 6.04 and in case of Larix leptolepis, the index and the ratio were 73.00 and 35.19, respectively. Therefore the inhibitory index increased with increasing the ratios of the hexoses to the pentoses. (3) The richer amount of xylose and mannose in species caused decreasing the slops of the hydration curve of the lignocellulosic-cement system, prohahly due to the chemical adsorption of the acetyl groups in the hemicellulose on the surface of cement grains. (4) The amoun of xylose and mannose were significant to the inhibitory index of each lignocellulosic-cement system but any specific relation between the amount of glucose and inhibitory index was not found.