In order to study on the pigment formation of Serratia marcescens, the synthesis of prodigiosin was examined in the presence of a wide range of concentration of detergents. A high elevation of pigment formation was obtained in case of the treatment with SDC and SAP. And the population growth of the bacteria was increased by SDC and SAP, in the concentration of optimum concentration of pigment formation. The alkaline phosphatase activity was also increased in the treatment of SAP, SDC and SDS. The possible mechanism of the detergents on enhancement of pigment formation could be explained by an increase of enzyme activity and membrane transport.