Gelatin microcapsules containing Ftorafur, a hydrophilic anticancer agent, were prepared with congealable disperse-phase emulsification method. The preparation was based on dispersion of ftorafur-gelatin solution with Tween #40 or Span #20 in liquid paraffin. A cationic surfactant, benzethonium chloride, was used to prevent the microcapsules from aggregation. In the case of microcapsules prepared with Tween #40 or Span #20, mean particle size decreased and narrow size distribution was observed. The intrinsic dissolution rate of ftorafur in microcapsules with 1% span #20 was 8.5 times lower than that of intact ftorafur.