Two hundred and eight patients with hepatocellular carcinoma were examined and analysed from the point of ultrasonographic features and ultrasonoguided percutaneous fine needle aspiration biopsy cytologic evaluation. In addition to these, hepatitis B surface (HBs) antigen and serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels were reviewed in 174 cases among these patients. Hepatitis-B surface antigen in serum was positive in 67.5% of cases studied, which was considered to be higher than that of other reports. Serum alpha-fetoprotein level was elevated above 20ng/$mell$ in 62.8%, as not related with tumor size. All cases of 208 patients ultrasonically had liver mass or masses, which were smaller than 5cm in diameter in 49 cases, and larger than 5cm in 159 cases. In general, ultrasound findings of mass or masses smaller than 5cm showed well margination(81%), low echo halo(44.9%), posterior acoustic enhancement(44.9%) and various internal echoes with low(32.7%), high(36.75), mixed(30.6%) and mosa c pattern (22.4%). But in cases of larger than 5cm, all of the above ultrasound findings were variable; they were poorly marginated(43%), mostly high and mixed internal echoes rather than low(5.1%), halo (2033%) and mosaic pattern(31.6%). The accuracy of cytologic diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma by percutaneous ultrasonoguided fine needle aspiration biopsy done in 208 patiens, was 93.1% as the results similar to other reports. The cytologic characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma are hypercellularity, trabecular arrangement of cells, hepatocyte-like cells, endothelial lining, multinucleated giant cells, intranuclear inclusion and prominent nucleioli.