Pulmonary aspergillosis is a rare disease, most commonly presenting pre-existing cavitary disease. In Department of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery, Chonbuk National University, 5 patients have been recognized as having this disorder from 1988 to 1990, June. Of the 5 patients, three were female and two were male. Age ranged from 30 to 53 years, the average age was 38.4 years. The most common presenting symptoms were blood-tinged sputum, hemoptysis, coughing, and chest pain Pulmonary tuberculosis occupied 8-% of underlying pulmonary disease. The locations of lesion were right upper lobe in 3 cases, left upper lobe in 1, and right lower lobe in l. All of these patients were treated by surgical resection. The operative procedures were as follows: lobectomy, 3 cases; segmentectomy, 1 case; lobectomy and segmentectomy, 1 case. There was no death in early and late postoperative period. Empyema and dead space developed in two cases, respectively. The postoperative empyema was treated with open thoracostomy and the dead space was carefully observed. During follow-up, there was no recurrence.