In this study two issues are considered, one is to develop a pneumatic servomechanism using a direct-connected circuit between inlet and outlet, the other is to design two kinds of advanced controllers such as fuzzy and PID controllers for a fingering system. Besides, the application of the advanced controllers to the newly proposed servomechanism is presented. The procedure of this study is composed of following 6 steps : [Step 1] Structuring of a control system; [Step 2] Development of a pneumatic circuit for the servomechanism ; [Step 3] Characteristic analysis of the valve and cylinder systems ; [Step 4] Determination of optimal parameters of the PID controller ; [Step 5] Design of a fuzzy controller and parameter tuning; and, [Step 6] Experimental analysis of fuzzy and PID controllers. Experimental results show that the newly proposed pneumatic servomechanism has good performance and, not only the performance of the fuzzy controller is better than that of the PID controller but also the fuzzy controller fits well to the control of the pneumatic servomechanism.