During the 2 years period, we hav performed acute peritoneal dialysis in twenty two children after cardiopulmonary bypass among 198 patients who underwent surgery due to complicated congenital heart diseAses . were fluid over- load (10 cases), oliguria (9 cases) and hyperkalemia (3 cases). Bypass time greAter than 90 minutes was a predictor of the need for dialysis(p< 0.05). Five neonates (38 %) operated on instituted peritoneal dialysis but it was insignificant determinant factor (p 08). Sixteen patients recovered their renal suction, but 4 patients died due to respirAtory fAilure or sepsis. All the patients which could not recover their renal function, expired although the renal failure was not re- sponsible for the mortality. We think that early peritoneal dialysis is helpful in cases of oliguia, fluid overload or hyperkalemia after cradiopulmonary bypass.