본 연구는 좀(Lepisma saccharina) 및 애옷좀나방(Tineola bisselliella)의 먹이습성 및 온도별, 먹이별 발육효과 등을 규명하고 기존에 사용되거나 새로이 개발된 의류용 방충제로 이용되는 vaporthrin, naphthalene 및 paradichlorobenzene에 의한 살충 효과를 비교 시험하였다. 좀 및 애옷좀나방의 먹이 습성은, 좀은 옷감에 풀을 먹이지 않은 경우에는 cotton, silk, wool 순으로 옷감을 가해했으나 애옷좀나방은 wool, cocoon, untreated silk순으로 옷감을 가해하였다. 애옷좀나방 암컷의 온도별 발육기간 은 17$^{circ}C$에서는 185.7일, 22$^{circ}C$에서는 92.9일, 27$^{circ}C$에서는 65.4일 그리고 32$^{circ}C$에서는 66.1일로 나타났다. 애옷좀나방 유충의 온도에 따른 영사망율은 17$^{circ}C$에서는 난과 1령, 2령 유충에서 각각 48.0%, 53.8%, 14.3%를, 32$^{circ}C$에서는 난과 1령, 2령 유충에서 각각 24.0%, 52.6%, 11.1%를 나타냈으며 용기간에는 동일하게 12.2%를 나타내었다. 애옷좀나방 암컷의 먹이별 발육기간은 fishmeal만을 제공했을 경우 73.6일 fishmeal과 yeast를 제공했을 경우 67.2일, wool과 yeast를 제공했을 경우 65.5일을 나타내는 반면 wool 만을 제공했을 경우 계속적으로 유충 기간을 유지하였다. 좀에 대한 vaporthrin, paradichlorobenzene, naphthalene의 ED$_{50}$ (Effective Dosage)는 vaporthrin 17.74 $mu extrm{g}$, paradichlorobenzene 44.34 $mu extrm{g}$, naphthalene 155.55 $mu extrm{g}$으로 나타나 vaporthrin이 paradichlorobenzene에 비해서 2.5배, naphthalene에 비해서 8.8배의 감수성이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 종에 대한 vaporthrin의 잔류 약효는 20주까지 지속되었으며. 전체 실험 곤충에 대하여 20%의 치사 효과를 나타냈다. 애옷좀나방에 대한 vaporthrin, paradichlorobenzene, naphthalene의 ED$_{50}$는 vaporthrin 229.69 $mu extrm{g}$, paradichlorobenzene 26413.76 $mu extrm{g}$이였으며 naphthalene은 Ig 이상에서도 방충효과가 나타나지 않았다. 애옷좀나방에 대한 vaporthrin의 약효는 16주까지 전체 실험 곤충에 대하여 90%의 치사효과를 나타내었다. Vaporthrin은 애옷좀나방 유충에 대하여 호흡독 뿐 아니라 접촉독도 있음이 확인되었다.
Studies were carried out to investigate biological characteristics including the feeding preference, growth and development of two most common clothes pest, the silverfish (Lepisma saccharina) and common clothes moth (Tineola bisselliella) by the effects of temperature and food sources, and to compare the efficacy of their control with vaporthrin, naphthalene, and paradichlorobenzene. The damage of clothes made by L. saccharine, and T. bisselliella were greater on wool than on cocoon and untreated silk. However, T bisseliiella made damage on on wool, cotton and untreated silk in order of magnitude. T. bisselliella showed shorter develop-mental period in 65.4 days from egg to adult emergence at 27$^{circ}C$, while at 17$^{circ}C$, it took 185.7days as much as 3 folds longer. The mortality of the eggs, 1st and 2nd instar larvae of T. bisselliella represented higher at 17$^{circ}C$ by 48.0, 53.8, and 14.3% respectively, however. at 32$^{circ}C$ the mortality was 24.0, 52.6 and 11.1% respectively. The developmental period of T. bisseiliella by 7 different food sources including wool, wool+yeast, fishmeal, fishmeal+yeast, yeast, cotton and silk, showed that T. bisselliella fed on wool+yeast had shorter period for adult emergence of 65.5 days, followed by 73.6 and 67.2 days with fishmeal and fishmeal+yeast, respectively. However the immature of T. bisselliella fed on wool only were continued until 15th larval stage. L. saccharina tested were most susceptible to vaporthrin with ED$_{50}$ 17.74 $mu extrm{g}$, followed by paradichlorobenzene (44.34 $mu extrm{g}$), naphthalene least susceptible with ED$_{50}$ of 155.55 $mu extrm{g}$； test results showed vaporthrin was 2.5 and 8.8 folds more susceptible than that of the other 2 chemicals respectively. The residual effect of vaporthrin was produced 20% mortality against 1. saccharine for 20 weeks periods, in cagetests. T. biss-eliieiia tested were also most susceptible to vaporthrin with ED$_{50}$ 229.69 $mu extrm{g}$ followed by paradichlorobenzene (26, 413.76 $mu extrm{g}$) and naphthalene was not susceptible with more than 1g. The residual effect of vaporthrin was produced 90% mortality against T. bisseiliella for 16 weeks periods, in cage-tests. The respiratory toxicity and the contact toxicity by vaporthrin were confirmed.
