This experiment was performed to investigate the effect of different dietary lipids on the risk factors of coronary vascular disease(CVD) in ovariectomized rats. Female rats of Sprague-Dawley strain were divided into sham-operated(sham) and ovariectomized(ovx) groups and then each group was divided into a beef tallow group, a soy bean oil group and a fish oil group. After 16 weeks of feeding on experimental diets, animals were sacrificed and blood, liver, kidney and perirenal fat pad were obtained. Food intake and weight gain of fish oil group were significantly lower than other dietary lipid groups. Food intake and weight gain tended to be higher in ovx groups than in sham groups. The weight index(g/100g body weight) of liver and kidney was higher in the fish oil group than the other groups and weight index was lower in ovx groups compared to sham groups. The weight of the perirenal fat pad was the highest in the beef tallow group and the lowest in the fish oil group. The fish oil group showed the lowest total cholesterol(TC) and triglyceride (TG) levels in serum. Serum TG levels were lower in all ovx groups than in sham groups, but serum TC levels were not influenced by ovariectomy. Fatty acid composition of serum reflects the recent dietary intake of fat. Linoleic acid content was the highest in soy bean oil group and eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid(DHA) contents were the highest in fish oil group. Fatty acid composition of adipose tissue, especially EPA and DHA contents in perirenal fat pad, was highest in the fish oil group. Saturated fatty acid(SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acid(MUFA) in serum and adipose tissue did not reflect fatty acid intake. The activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, a lipogenic enzyme, in the blood of the beef tallow and soybean oil groups showed the tendency to be high and that of fish oil group to be low in ovx. Carnitine acetyltransferase, a lipolytic enzyme, showed the highest activity in the liver of the fish oil group and was least active in the soy bean oil group.