Purpose : For the treatment of arterial lesions occurring after catheterization, ultrasound-guided compression repair (UGCR) has recently been introduced. Using this technique, we repeatedly attempted treatment of these lesions and assessed their characteristics, as seen on US. Materials and Methods : We prospectively studied 21patients who had suffered arterial injury (16 pseudoaneurysms and five arteriovenous fistulae) during arterial catheterization. Occlusion of one pseudoaneurysm (PA) occurred spontaneously. UGCR was attempted in 20 cases involving arterial injury, including two which had occurred five months earlier. In six lesions, multiple attempts were necessary. Results : UGCR was successful in 18 (90%) of 20 arterial injuries, and all 15 PAs were successfully treated;eight were completely closed at the first attempt, five were seen on follow-up US to have been closed after the first attempt, and two were completely closed at the second attempt. Three of five arteriovenous fistulae (AVF) were successfully closed, one was completely closed at the first attempt, and two at the second attempt. Mean compression time was 37(range:3-75)min in PAs and 73(range:30-120)min in AVFs. Mean diameter of the cavity of PAs was 3.8(range:1.5-10)cm;mean width of the track was 2.6(range:1-5)mm in PAs and 3.8(range:1.6-8)mm in AVFs. Conclusion: USGC can be successful after multiple attempts, even in patients with large cavity lesions and in chronic cases. AVFs with wide necks need a longer compression time and the results of the procedure are poorer.