The larger, loftier and more highly strengthened the recent structures become, the greater attention is paid to the problem of thermal crack occurrence associate with hydration heat. As one of methods to solve the problem, a care has been taken to the improvement of construction such as the application of pre-cooling or pipe-cooling, adjustment of concrete block size, concrete placement timing, joint arrangement and so on. But it is expected that a proper selection of cement shall additionally contribute to the control of thermal cracks. In this study, thus, we selected 4 types of cements such as Type V for anti-sulphate, blast furnace cements (slag content of 45% and 65% respectively)and ternary blended low heat cement, and carried out mock-up tests. In every assigned time, temperatures and thermal stresses were measured and calculated from raw data. As a result of measurement, it was found that the magnitude of hydration heat is in order of blast furnace slag cement. Type V and ternary blended low heat cement. Results of thermal stresses were same as the order of temperature. In addition, thermal stresses calculated from the data of strain gauges showed almost similar to those measured from effective stress gauges only when strain values were adjusted properly in accordance with initial time of stress appearance. Theoretical results agreed well with the measured values comparatively, but showed slight differences. It is inferred that these differences shall be reduced if more tests capable of evaluating thermal characteristics of concrete are carried out.