Model tests on propped retaining walls were performed for the investigation of wall displacement, distribution of earth pressure, surface settlement and underground movement at various excavation stage in sand. The result of model tests on the trough of surface settlement showed considerable difference depending on the characteristic of wall stiffness, wall friction and soil condition. The location of maximum underground movement were found to be at range of 0.15H to 0. 1H(H: Final excavation depth). Effect of arching by the redistribution of earth pressure were closely related to the stiffness of wall as well as the soil condition. The wall displacement and earth pressure distribution were simulated by elasto - plastic beam analysis program and finite element method with GDHM model respectively. The result of elasto-plastic analysis showed some discrepancy on the wall displacement and earth pressure, but result of underground movement by FEM with various wall stiffness were in good agreement with the model tests.