In this study, the dispersion stability of nano-sized CeO2 particles, synthesized by hydrothermal method in aqueous was evaluated from observing the surface potential behavior of CeO2 particle synthesized by solid state reaction. The isoelectric point(IEP) of nano-sized CeO2 synthesized by hydrothermal synthesis was found to be pH 9 contrary to the isoelectric point of micro-sized CeO2 synthesized by solid state reaction at pH 6.7. IEP was shifted to pH 2.0 as the addition of D-3019 from 0.1 to 1.0 wt%. The surface potential of CeO2 particles synthesized by hydrothermal synthesis was reduced as the addition of B-1001 used as a binder without change of IEP because the absorption of B-1001 polymer on the CeO2 particles shifted the shear plane of CeO2 particles outward away from the surface. This surface potential behavior was well correlated with the dispersion stability of slurry.