This study investigated early school adjustment of institutionalized children. Subjects were 118 primary school children in 15 child-welfare facilities in Seoul(56 first and 62 second grade children; 66 boys and 52 girls). Data were analyzed with t-test, ANOVA, and Duncan test. Measures of school adjustment included relationships with leachers, relationships with peers, attitudes on school atmosphere, and observance of school regulation. Results showed that institutionalized children had the highest scores in relationships with teachers, but lowest scores in relationships with peers. Institutionalized children who perceived economic problem as the cause of entering institution showed lower adjustment scores in relationships with peers. There was no significant difference in school adjustment depending on sex, but a significant difference in altitudes on school atmosphere depending on grade.