The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of the traditional fairy tales based program on the improvement of preschoolers level of distributive justice reasoning. The program was developed on the six Korean fairy tales which deal with the sharing problem among the friends and the families. The subjects were seventy-six, 4- and 5-year-old children selected from two kindergartens in Seoul and Ichon. Solomon 4-group experimental design was used. Each children were assigned for 2 experimental groups and for 2 control groups. Before the intervention, the subjects in experimental group 1 and control group 1 were interviewed individually with story dilemmas for their distributive justice reasoning. For eight-week period, the program based on six Korean traditional fairy tales were used as an intervention. After the intervention, all the subjects were interviewed individually with another story dilemmas. The data were analyzed in SPSS Win 10.0 program, by frequency, percentile, mean, standard deviation, paired t-test and independent t-test. As a result, the children in experimental groups had higher level of distributive justice reasoning than those in control groups. That is, program based on the traditional fairy tales gave positive effect on preschoolers distributive justice reasoning.