This work presented the monitoring technique of biological processes by a 2-dimensional fluorescence sensor. The 2-dimensional fluorescence sensor can be used to monitor some important variable during cultivation processes simultaneously. In this study we have monitored fermentation processes of a few microorganisms such as recombinant E.coli, A. terreus and T. vulgaris. and investigated the change of the fluorescence spectra in the fermentation processes qualitatively. The 2-dimensional fluorescence sensor can be also used to monitor biochemical reactions and separation processes and applied for the optimization of biological processes.