우리나라의 유전자변형농산물 의무 표시제가 시행됨에 따라 수입 유전자변형농산물 중 유전자변형 콩의 혼입유무를 판별할 수 있는 검정기술 개발이 요구되고 있다. 근사미(glyphosate)제초제에 저항성을 나타내는 토양미생물인 Agrobacterium CP4 유래의 5-enolpyruvyl shikimate-3-phosphate synthase(EPSPS) 유전자의 도입여부를 PCR로 진단할 수 있는 특이프라이머를 제작하여 제초제저항성 콩(Roundup Ready Soybean, RRS)을 검정할 수 있는 PCR조건을 확립하였으며 콩의 내재유전자인 lectin유전자와 RRS특이 프라이머를 이용하여 duplex PCR에 의한 제초제저항성 콩의 검정법을 확립하였다. 또한 수입 콩 및 콩나물에 대하여 근사미 제초제 처리로 저항성 개체를 판별하는 생물검정법도 확립하여 저항성 개체의 잎에서 분리한 genomic DNA에 대하여 EPSPS특이 프라이머를 이용하여 분석한 결과 RRS특이적인 PCR밴드를 확인하였다. 또한 수입 콩의 백립중과 종실의 제색을 고려할 때 단일품종이 아닌 여러 품종이 혼합되어 있음을 확인하였다.
Along with the worldwide rapid increase of the cultivation area and commercial production of genetically modified (GM) crops, the amount of GM grains imported to Korea has also been increasing. Roundup-Ready soybean (RRS) was introduced with 5-enolpyruvyl shikimate-3-photphate synthase (EPSPS) gene derived from Agrobacterium CP4 to confer the resistance to herbicide, glyphosate. In this study, we tried to develop PCR-based analytical method to detection the presence of RRS among non-GM soybeans. In order to detect RRS specifically, oligonucleotide primers were specifically designed based on the nucleotide sequence of EPSPS transgene. Qualitative PCR method was established and its specificity and accuracy were confirmed by analysing the nucleotide sequence of PCR DNA fragments. Bioassay was also conducted by spraying glyphosate at seedling stage. Survived individuals showed obvious resistance to Roundup Ready, however all of non-GM seedlings died in two weeks after spray. Conclusively, the highly selective detection systems for RRS were successfully established by both PCR using specific primers to EPSPS transgene and bioassay using the herbicide resistance of RRS. In addition to, the imported soybean showed to be mixed to several varieties regarding to 100-seed weight and hilum color.
