This study hypothesized and tested multiple influences(based on IRT and SIT) in a study of e-mail attitudes and use. The media included e-mail, fax, letters, and face-to-face meetings. This study focused on e-mail. The outcomes included experiences, skills, attitudes toward e-mail, and e-mail use. Results suggested that attitudes toward e-mail were influenced by experiences, skills, toward e-mail, and e-mail use was influenced by attitudes toward e-mail. The our results were consistent with ones predicted by IRT and SIT.