Larvae of six Vietnamese species of heptageniid mayflies in the genus Epeorus Eaton are reviewed: Epeorus aculeatus Braasch (new record), E. bifurcatus Braasch and Soldan, E. carinatus Braasch and Soldan, E. hieroglyphicus Braasch and Soldan, E. tiberius Braasch and Soldan, and E. soldani sp. n. Their descriptions, diagnoses, line drawings of key characters, distributions, habitat and biological data, taxonomic remarks, and a larval key are provided.