Superior vena cava syndrome(SVCS) is most often encountered in patients with malignancies. Tuberculosis is nowadays an uncommon cause of SVCS. We report the case of a patient who presented with respiratory symptoms accompanied by SVCS due to tuberculous lymphadenitis. Treatment was instituted with isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide and ethambutol, and all symptoms disappeared. To our knowledge, no case of SVCS provoked by tuberculous lymphadenitis has been described previously in Korea.