This study demonstrated neuroprotective and anti-oxidative effects of Puerariae Radix for cerebral ischemia. Neuroprotective effects were studied by using oxygen/glucous deprivation of the organotypic hippocampal slice cultures to complement limitations of in vivo and in vitro models for cerebral ischemia study. Anti-oxidative effects were studied on BV-2 microglia cells damaged by $H_2O_2$ and nitric oxide. The results obtained are as follows; The groups treated with 0.5 and $5{mu}g/m{ell}$ of Puerariae Radix revealed significant decreases of neuronal cell death area and cell death area percentages in CA1 region of ischemic damaged hippocampus cultures during whole 48 hours of the experiment. The groups treated with 0.5 and $5{mu}g/m{ell}$ of Puerariae Radix revealed significant decreases of neuronal cell death area and cell death area percentages in DG region of ischemic damaged hippocampus cultures during whole 48 hours of the experiment. The groups treated with 0.5 and $5{mu}g/m{ell}$ of Puerariae Radix revealed significant decreases of TUNEL-positive cells in both CA1 region and DG region of ischemic damaged hippocampus cultures. The group treated with $50;{mu}g/m{ell}$ of Puerariae Radix demonstrated significant decrease of TUNEL-positive cells in CA1 region. The groups treated with 0.5 and $5{mu}g/m{ell}$ of Puerariae Radix revealed significant decreases of LDH concentrations in culture media of ischemic damaged hippocampus cultures. The groups treated with 0.5 and $5{mu}g/m{ell}$ of Puerariae Radix revealed significant increases of cell viabilities of BV-2 microglia cells damaged by $H_2O_2$. The group treated with $5{mu}g/m{ell}$ of Puerariae Radix revealed significant increase of cell viability of BV-2 microglia cells damaged by nitric oxide. These results suggested that Puerariae Radix of cerebral ischemic revealed neuroprotective effects through the control effect of apoptosis and oxidative damages.