Larix kaemferi is now a major economic kind of trees and is produced in large quantity every year. Thus, the study of Larix kaemferiis conducted to acquire the basic date of measures for the reasonable use, clarifying the relation with the compression strength parallel to grain according to anatomical properties by heartwood and sapwood, and earlywood and latewood. As the length of an earlywood tracheid and the radial wall thickness of earlywood and latewood tracheids increased, the compression strength rose, and as the height of uniseriate ray in cell number increased, the compression strength parallel to grain fell. The major anatomical factors effecting on the compression strength parallel to grain of heart wood were the radial wall thickness of a latewood tracheid and the length of a latewood tracheid, while in sapwood, the length of an earlywood tracheid and the radial wall thickness of earlywood and latewood tracheids were the major factor on it.