To analyze the effect of Maltol on the apoptosis of Human Neuroblastoma Cells (SH-SY5Y) treated by free radical which was generated from Hydrogen Peroxide ($H_2O_2$), flow cytometry analysis on Phosphatidylserine (PS) inverting percentage was applied to determine the apoptosis. MTT (3-(4,5-dimethythiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide) assay was employed to analyze the cell viability. DNA electrophoresis was used to detect DNA fragmentation. Moreover intracellular calcium of concentration ($[Ca^{2+}]_i$) was measured by fluorescence emission. Flow cytometry analysis on the function of mitochondria and Western blto analysis of NF-${kappa}B$. The results showed that the pretreatment with maltol for 2 hours could prevent the $H_2O_2$-induced apoptosis. Maltol could reduce the inverting percentage of PS, DNA fragmentation and $[Ca^{2+}]_i$, and enhance the cellular function of mitochondria. NF-${kappa}B$ activated by $H_2O_2$ is reduced. The experiments suggest that maltol could effectively inhibit the apoptosis induced by $H_2O_2$. As a novel anti-oxidant, maltol is a new promising drug in protecting the neurological cells from the damage by free radical.